LABOR BURDEN

LABOR BURDEN: WHAT A WAGE REALLY COSTS.

QUICK ANSWER

Labor burden is every cost of employing someone beyond their wage. For a $28 an hour carpenter, employer payroll tax of 7.65 percent, workers compensation at 12 percent, health insurance and a retirement match bring the cost to $37.34 an hour, and spreading that over productive hours puts the true figure at $43.15. A bid or job cost report built on the $28 wage understates labor on every job.

A $3M subcontractor with 40 percent labor content has $1.2M of labor, and using wage rates in place of burdened rates understates labor cost by $420K to $660K a year. That error is a pricing error on every bid, and it never appears as a line item, which is why it reads as a mystery at closeout.

BY JOSH LUEBKERPublished 2026-10-08Updated 2026-10-08
THE DEFINITION

WHAT IT MEANS.

Labor burden is the cost of employing a worker above the wage itself: employer payroll taxes, workers compensation, insurance, benefits and paid time off, expressed as a rate on wages or as a cost per productive hour.

Burden is a rate, so it changes whenever insurance renews, a workers comp audit closes or a benefit is added. Calculate it once a year and again when any of those change.

THE MECHANISMS

WHY THE WAGE MISLEADS.

01

The wage is only the first line

Employer payroll tax is 7.65 percent for Social Security and Medicare, plus unemployment tax set by your state. Workers compensation is priced on payroll by class code and often costs 8 to 15 percent in the trades. Health insurance and a retirement match add dollars per hour, and some insurance premiums are priced on payroll too.

02

Paid hours are more than productive hours

A worker paid for 2,080 hours may produce 1,800 on jobs after holidays, paid time off, training and shop time. Dividing the full cost by productive hours is what moves $37.34 to $43.15. Without that step every estimate leaves out the cost of the hours nobody billed.

03

One burden rate does not fit every crew

Foremen and laborers, union and non-union crews, and different workers comp classes all carry different burden. A single company-wide rate overstates the cost of some work and understates the rest, so bids on the cheaper crews lose and bids on the costlier ones win and lose money.

THE MATH

WHAT IT LOOKS LIKE IN DOLLARS.

A $28 wage, worked out

Wage $28.00. Employer payroll tax at 7.65 percent, $2.14. Workers comp at 12 percent, $3.36. Health insurance at $3.00 an hour, assumed. Retirement match at 3 percent, $0.84. Total $37.34 per paid hour. Divide by 0.865, which is 1,800 productive hours out of 2,080 paid, and the cost is $43.15 per productive hour. Your inputs will differ and the method does not.

What the range looks like

The job costing guide puts a $28 carpenter at $38 to $44 an hour fully burdened, and the bid pricing guide shows $42 to $60 on a $28 wage. The spread comes from the workers comp class, the benefits package and how many paid hours are unproductive.

HOW SPM FIXES IT

WHAT WE CHANGE.

Calculate the rate once a year and when insurance changes

We build the rate from your payroll register, workers comp policy and benefit invoices, by crew type. It is recalculated at renewal and whenever a benefit changes, so the number in the estimate matches the number in the books.

Bid and cost labor in burdened dollars

The estimate and the job cost report use the same burdened rate, and hours and dollars are both tracked. A job that comes in on hours and over on dollars is a rate problem, and only a burdened rate shows it.

Reconcile payroll to job cost every month

Burdened labor posts to jobs from payroll each month, and the total ties back to the payroll register. Labor that never reaches a job is counted in overhead, which is how a rate gets understated without anybody deciding it.

$10.7M+
Client AR Recovered Since 2023
48
Active Trade Specializations
60 DAYS
Average Onboarding Time
PRICING

FLAT MONTHLY FEE. NO SURPRISES.

Three tiers, priced by your trailing twelve month revenue. Which one you're in depends on how much of the work you want off your desk. No hourly billing. No payroll. The one-time onboarding fee is right here in the table.

Last 12 months revenueMonthly feeOne-time onboarding
Up to $1M$1,900 to $2,900$1,000
$1M to $3.5M$2,600 to $3,900$1,500
$3.5M to $6.5M$3,800 to $5,700$3,000
$6.5M to $9.5M$5,100 to $7,100$4,500
$9.5M to $12.5M$6,100 to $8,500$6,000
$12.5M to $15.5M$7,400 to $11,000$7,500
$15.5M to $18.5M$9,400 to $13,500$9,000
$18.5M+Quoted individuallyQuoted individually

The onboarding fee covers migrating your books back to the start of your last taxable year and getting you fully operational in 60 days. It's billed once, with your first invoice. It's the same for all three tiers. Your first month is prorated, and your monthly engagement starts on the first of the first full month.

Range reflects the three tiers below. Which one you're in depends on how much of the work you want off your desk. No payroll. No hidden line items. The onboarding fee is right here in the table.

Core

You stop guessing.

You get the CFO work. Job costing built against the way you estimate, a 13 week cash forecast, monthly WIP, and a meeting every month that ends in decisions and never in a report.

Your bookkeeper still does the books.

Executive

You stop touching the books.

Everything in Core, and we do the bookkeeping and the controllership as well. Your office stops answering coding questions and stops fixing a reconciliation that will not balance on the last day of the month.

We do the books. No payroll.

Strategic

Every job shows its margin while it is still open.

Everything in Executive, plus the job costing and WIP platform set up, loaded with your cost codes, and managed for you every month. You never have to learn it.

We do the books, the job costing, and the software. No payroll.

COMMON QUESTIONS

FREQUENTLY ASKED.

Labor burden is the cost of employing a worker beyond the wage: employer payroll taxes, workers compensation, insurance, benefits and paid time off. It is usually stated as a percentage of wages or as a cost per productive hour.

Add every employer cost tied to a worker (payroll tax, workers comp, insurance, benefits, retirement match), add it to the wage, and divide by productive hours, not paid hours. For a $28 wage, $37.34 per paid hour becomes $43.15 per productive hour at 1,800 productive hours out of 2,080 paid.

The examples on this site show 35 to 55 percent of wages, which is $420K to $660K on $1.2M of labor. Your rate depends on your workers comp class, your benefits and your unproductive hours, so calculate it from your own payroll.

Three tiers, and which one you are in depends on how much of the work you want off your desk. Core is where you stop guessing: job costing built against the way you estimate, a 13 week cash forecast, monthly WIP, and a monthly meeting that ends in decisions, while your bookkeeper keeps doing the books. Executive is where you stop touching the books, because we do the bookkeeping and the controllership as well. Strategic is where every job shows its margin while it is still open, because the job costing and WIP platform is set up and managed for you. No payroll. No scope gaps.

Sixty days. We migrate your books back to the start of your last taxable year, set up ControlQore, and build your job costing structure from scratch. Fully operational in two months.
WHAT THIS TIES INTO
Josh Luebker, SPM The Construction CFO
Josh Luebker
FRACTIONAL CFO · SPM THE CONSTRUCTION CFO

Josh Luebker is a master electrician turned construction CFO, president of SPM The Construction CFO and author of CONTROL: C.F.O.S. Construction Financial Operating System.

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